Roberts, A. (2010). Jameson, Fredric. In The Encyclopedia of Literary and Cultural Theory, M. Ryan (Ed.). doi: 10.1002/9781444337839.wbelctv2j001 Jameson's cultural critique is an interrogation of what he calls “late capitalism,” borrowing the term from Marxist philosopher Enrst Mandel. Marx argued that the conflict inherent in capitalism would inevitably bring about its destruction; and the persistence, and indeed global dominance, of capitalism, might be thought to contradict this view. Mandel refined Marx's analysis into a three‐part narrative: first, market capitalism, which dominated the West in the 1800s and early 1900s evolved at the end of the nineteenth century, into, second, monopoly capitalism, which was characterized by the quasi‐imperial domination by capital of international markets. The third phase, late capitalism, is taken by Mandel (and Jameson) as beginning after World War II, and witnesses the complete interpenetration of global culture by the logic of c